The limited evidence for facility-based individual models suggests increased cost effectiveness for the health system, improved quality of care and improved client outcomes.

1. Uganda journal.pone.0018193

Babigumira JB, Castelnuovo B, Stergachis A, Kiragga A, Shaefer P, Lamorde M, et al. Cost effectiveness of a pharmacy-only refill program in a large urban HIV/AIDS clinic in Uganda. PLoS One. 2011;6(3):e18193.

3. Uganda 7-24198

Obua C, Kayiwa J, Waako P, Tomson G, Balidawa H, Chalker J, et al. Improving adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Uganda with a low-resource facility-based intervention. Global Health Action. 2014;7.

Jakubowski SEARCH patient costs AIDS2016 presentation

Jakubowski A, Kabami J, Mwai D, Snyman K, Clark T, Ayieko J, et al. Provision of streamlined HIV care associated with reduced economic burden of care-seeking among HIV-infected adults AIDS. 21st International AIDS Conference, Durban, 18-22 July 2016.

Shade, S.B. et al. Cost of streamlined HIV care in rural Kenyan and Ugandan clinics in the SEARCH Study. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections

Shade SB, Osmand T, Mwangwa F, Owaraganise A, Clark T, Charlebois E, et al. Cost of streamlined HIV care in rural Kenyan and Ugandan clinics in the SEARCH Study. 24th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Seattle, 13-16 February 2017.

4. IAS_2011_Rome_Abstract_Optimizing_patient_monitoring

McGuire M, Pedrono G, Mukhua B, Huckabee M, Heinzelmann A, Szumilin E. Optimizing patient monitoring after the first year of ART: three years of implementing 6-monthly clinical appointments in rural Malawi. Abstract for IAS. 2011.

5-Bemelmans_et_al-2014-Tropical_medicine_&_international_health_-_TM_&_IH (1)

Bemelmans M, Baert S, Goemaere E, Wilkinson L, Vandendyck M, Cutsem G, et al. Community‐supported models of care for people on HIV treatment in sub‐Saharan Africa. Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2014;19(8):968-77.

Cawley SMA AIDS 2016 abstract

Cawley C, Nicholas S, Szumilin E, Perry S, Amoros Quiles I, Masiku C, et al. Six-monthly appointments as a strategy for stable antiretroviral therapy patients: evidence of its effectiveness from seven years of experience in a Medecins Sans Frontieres supported programme in Chiradzulu district, Malawi AIDS. 21st International AIDS Conference, Durban, 18-22 July 2016.

Bacha_J_et_al_Standardized_Paediatric_Expedited_Encounters

Bacha J, Aririguzo L, Wanless S, Ngo K, Campbell L, Shutze G. The standardized pediatric expedited encounters for ART drugs initiative: description and evaluation of an innovative pediatric ART health service delivery model in Tanzania 9th International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Science, Paris, 22-27 July 2017.

Wanless RS, Kim M, Golin R, Amzel A, Ahmed S, Mhango J, et al. Multi-month prescription of antiretroviral therapy and its feasibility: experiences from the Baylor International Pediatric AIDS initiative (BIPAI) in six southern African countries. 9th International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Science, Paris, 22-27 July 2017.

Decentralised care children Zambia

Van Dijk JH, Moss WJ, Hamangaba F, Munsanje B, Sutcliffe CG. Scaling-Up Access to Antiretroviral Therapy for Children: A Cohort Study Evaluating Care and Treatment at Mobile and Hospital-Affiliated HIV Clinics in Rural Zambia. 2014.

Mwangwa Streamline Care 48-week outcomes of African children starting ART at CD4500 with streamlined care

Mwangwa F, Owaraganise A, Ayieko J, Jain V, Kwarisiima D, Byonanebye DM, et al. 48-week outcomes of African children starting ART at CD4>500 with streamlined care. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts, February 22–25 2016.

Mody A, Padian N, Czaiki N, Roy M, Bolton-Moore C, Holmes C, et al. Improved retention with longer follow-up intervals for stable patients in Zambia. 24th Co

Mody A, Padian N, Czaiki N, Roy M, Bolton-Moore C, Holmes C, et al. Improved retention with longer follow-up intervals for stable patients in Zambia. 24th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Seattle, 13-16 February 2017.

Agarwal 2013_Dignitas Teen Club outcomes IAS 2013

Agarwal M, Van Lettow M, Berman J, Gondwe C, Mwinjiwa E, Chan AK. Evaluation of a specialized psychosocial support intervention “Teen Club” in improving retention among adolescents on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at a tertiary referral hospital in Malawi. 2013 July.

Pharmacy refill IDI Kampala 1001_Kaimal

Kaimal A, Castelnuovo B, Atwiine D, Musomba R, Nabaggala M, Ratanshi R, et al. Experiences with retention in care and viral suppression in pharmacy refill program. 24th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Seattle, 13-16 February 2017.

ART_Outreach_Uganda_Mudda

Muddu M, Kiwanuka J, Ojur M, Baligobye J, Okeba I, Olinga P, et al. HIV ART outreaches achieve more than 90% viral suppression and more client retention compared to the ART clinic in Eastern Uganda 9th International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Science, Paris, 22-27 July 2017.

Rapid_model_care_Haiti_Guitea_Moise

Guitea Moise C, Bellot C, Hennessey KA, Rivera VR, Severe P, Aubin F, et al. Retention of Clinically Stable ART Patients in a Rapid Model of Care in Haiti. 23rd Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts, February 22–25 2016.

Service_delivery_costs_Malawi_Callahan

Callahan K, Nnakabonge I, Prust M, Banda C, Nyirenda R, Chimbwandira F, et al. Service delivery costs for HIV treatment under differentiated models of care for stable patients in Malawi, 2017.